Green Business in the Contemporary Economy: An Integrative Review of the Green Economy, Sustainable Development Goals, Green Shopping Behaviour, and Business Resilience

ABSTRACT Environmental degradation, resource scarcity, and a succession of global shocks have pushed sustainability from the periphery to the centre of business strategy. Yet the academic literature that speaks to this shift remains fragmented across four largely separate streams: the macro-level green economy paradigm, the policy architecture of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the marketing and consumer-behaviour literature on green shopping, and the strategic-management literature on organisational resilience. This paper conducts an integrative narrative review of peer-reviewed, Scopus- and Web of Science-indexed literature to synthesise these four streams and to propose a multi-level conceptual framework linking macro-level green-economy and SDG architecture, meso-level corporate strategy, market-level green shopping behaviour, and firm-level business resilience. Drawing on established theoretical lenses — including the Theory of Planned Behaviour, Value-Belief-Norm theory, and the Triple Bottom Line — the review shows that (a) green economy and SDG frameworks function as an enabling macro-environment for green business models, (b) green shopping behaviour is shaped by an interacting cluster of psychological, social, and marketing-mix factors, and (c) firms that sustain social and environmental practices tend to exhibit greater long-run resilience to economic and environmental shocks. Five research propositions and a summary construct table are advanced to guide future empirical testing. The paper concludes with managerial and policy implications for building resilient, SDG-aligned green businesses and outlines an agenda for future quantitative and cross-country research. Keywords: green economy; Sustainable Development Goals; green consumer behaviour; green shopping; business resilience; sustainability strategy